Recognizing and Responding to Heat Exhaustion and Heatstroke

During hot weather, it’s important to know how to identify and respond to heat-related illnesses like heat exhaustion and heatstroke. These conditions can affect anyone, especially those who are active outdoors or are vulnerable to high temperatures.

Signs and Symptoms

Heat exhaustion occurs when the body loses too much water and salt, often due to excessive sweating. Signs include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea, headache, and a fast heartbeat. If someone shows these symptoms, it’s crucial to act quickly.

Heatstroke is more severe and can be life-threatening. It happens when the body temperature rises to 104°F (40°C) or higher. Symptoms can include confusion, altered mental state, hot and dry skin (due to the body stopping sweating), rapid pulse, and even unconsciousness. If you suspect someone has heatstroke, it’s an emergency.

To help someone with heat exhaustion, move them to a cooler place immediately. Encourage them to lie down and elevate their legs. Provide cool water or a sports drink to help rehydrate. Applying cool, wet cloths to their skin can also help lower their body temperature.

If someone shows signs of heatstroke, call emergency services right away. While waiting for help, try to cool them down by moving them to a shaded area or indoors. If possible, remove excess clothing and apply cool cloths or ice packs to their neck, armpits, and groin. Do not give them fluids as they may be unable to swallow safely.

Being aware of these signs and knowing how to respond can save lives during hot weather. Always keep an eye on friends, family, and yourself when temperatures rise.

Image: BBC — source